Introduction
The letter of James is one of the earliest books in the New Testament. It is a practical letter with a Jewish flavor. James writing style resembles the Old Testament prophets. The initial church was consisted of Jewish believers. The emphasis of the letter is Christian living. James does not contradict Paul’s teaching on the doctrine of justification by faith. He argues that true faith will manifest itself in works. Mental assent to truth is insufficient for salvation. Genuine faith will face trials head on and they are inevitable in Christian life. They are allowed to produce godly character and maturity. Faith gives strength to overcome various temptations. True faith hates prejudice and favoritism. Faith is more than knowledge and will be demonstrated by obedience. It rejects earthly wisdom and chose heavenly wisdom. Faith waits patiently for the coming of Christ. James gives encouragement and instructions to believers who are undergoing adversity (1:19). Christ’s name is found only twice in this letter. The author identifies himself as “James, a servant of God and the Lord Jesus Christ” (James 1:1). Four men in the New Testament are known as James. They are the father of Judas, James the son of Alphaeus, James the brother of John, lastly the half brother of Jesus (Luke 6:16; Matt 10:3; Matt 4:21; Matt 13:55). James did not believe in Jesus initially (John 7:5). After the resurrection Jesus graciously appeared to James and led him to saving faith (1 Cor 15:7). James had a prominent position in the Jerusalem church. Scholars suggest that James wrote his letter between AD 45-50. James points out that faith leads to obedience when we trust Christ. Be doers of the Word and not hearers only (1:22).
Chapter 1
Greetings from James: James 1:1, 2.
The author identifies himself as James a bond salve of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ. He was one of the half brothers of Jesus (Matt 13:55). This speaks of his deep humility. Once he refused to believe but he became the inspired writer of this epistle (Mark 3:21). This demonstrates the grace of God. This epistle is addressed to the twelve tribes in the dispersion. They were scattered from Jerusalem because of persecution. James was a leader of the Jerusalem Church and a brother of Jude. James wrote this letter to encourage and to instruct the Jewish Christians who were facing persecution (Act 8:1).
The Test of Faith and Endurance: James 1:3- 4.
There is an endearment in James address. Christians are dear brothers and sisters in Christ. They belong to the family of God. James recognizes that Christians will face trials of various kinds. Troubles and trials are inescapable facts in this fallen world (John 16:33; Phil 1:29; 2 Tim 3:12). God permits trials for our good. It produces maturity in the Christian life. Our natural tendency is to avoid trials in life. Trials can make us either better or bitter. So whenever trials come, we should welcome them as friends with joy because they help us to grow spiritually. True faith will be tested. Those who patiently endure them will grow and become strong in character for God’s use. Why God allows trials in Christian life? It is to prove the validity of our faith and to wean us from the things we love in this world. They also help us to become mature and complete lacking nothing (2 Cor 1:4). Trials and sufferings help us to live in hope of heaven (2 Cor 4:17, 18; Rom 5:3). In our sufferings, God promises his grace and presence to us (2 Cor 12:9). God will not allow trials beyond our ability to endure and he will provide the way of escape (1 Cor 10:13). Let patient have her perfect work. This must be our attitude when we face trials. Perfection here simply means maturity. Perfection in the absolute sense is reserved for the life to come.
We need wisdom to understand God’s purpose behind our trials: James 1:5-11.
God does not want us to face trials and temptations alone. He promises wisdom to understand the purpose of trials in life. We must ask God for wisdom because he is the source of wisdom (Pro 2:6). Every good and perfect gift comes from above (1:17). God gives wisdom generously and without rebuke to all those who seek wisdom. But we must ask in faith without wavering knowing that God is the source of wisdom. Wavering people should not expect to receive anything from the Lord. They are double minded and are unstable in everything they do. To have wisdom we must have the knowledge of Christ and eternal perspective. Christians should rejoice not because of earthly status but for their salvation. God is eager to help us and has no intention of shaming his children. Our reproach has been removed forever by Christ's death and resurrection. Wealth cannot save anyone. Those who repent of sin and trust in Christ will be saved (John 1:12). All material things and achievements in the world are like a flower that fades. But God blesses those who patiently endure trials and testing. Therefore Christians should make their request known to God with confidence.
How to Face Temptations? James 1: 12-18.
Temptations are inescapable in Christian life. Someone has said "We can resist anything but temptations". God permits trials in life to strengthen us. Scholars suggest that for trials and temptation the same word is used in the Greek language. God never tempts anyone with evil. But God may permit Satan to test us (James 1:13; Job 1:12). Christ was tempted by Satan in the wilderness (Matt 4). Satan tempts us to destroy but God allows trials to strengthen us for his service. Christ is our example to face temptations in life. We are tempted because we are imperfect people and living in a fallen world. In temptation, wrong thing seems to be right. The actual source of temptation is our lust and evil desire inherent in us (James 1:14). Paul says "Nothing good dwells in our sinful flesh" (Rom 7:18; Jeremiah 17: 9). Sinful desires give birth to sinful actions. When we allow it to grow, it brings forth death. Someone has said "Lust is the grandmother of death". Enticement leads to entrapment and entrapment into endorsement and finally to enslavement. So when we are tempted, acknowledge the reality of it. It is not an event but a process. Satan is the source of doubts, denial and deception. We must not be ignorant of Satan's strategy. Remember that God’s gifts are always good and perfect. His Word never changes. We are regenerated by His Word (1:18). Christians should anticipate temptations and assume responsibility for failure. Be strong in the faith and do not place confidence in ourselves. Spend time in the Word of God and meditate on it (Psalms 119:11; Matt 4:1-11). Take every thought captive to obey Christ (2 Cor 10:5). Be wise doing good and stay innocent as to what is evil (Rom 16:19). Only believers are tempted. Satan does not care about unsaved. When we fail in temptations do not get discouraged. The believers are the forgiven people. If we confess our sins to God, he will forgive and cleans us from all our sins (1 John 1:9). Victorious Christian life is a series of new beginnings. Those who patiently endure trials will receive the crown of life. Someone has said "Crown is the ability to enjoy heavenly blessing eternally and fully".
Hearing and Doing: James 1:19-27.
The purpose of hearing the Word of God is to make it part of our day-to-day life. It reveals what is true and not true. Also it helps us to do what is right. We must be quick to hear, slow to speak and slow to anger. Christians are desperately in need of God's Word. The Word of God is able to save our souls. We should hear the Word of God with the intention of obeying. It has the power to transform our life. To overcome trials we must receive the Word of God with meekness. It has inherent power to transform life. Mere hearing will not profit anybody. Many people hear the Word to feel good and to find temporary comfort in their conscience. It is like a man looking at his face in the mirror and forgetting what he looks like. Those who love the Word of God and obey them will be blessed. Mere external religion is worthless. Our uncontrolled speech exposes our wickedness and yields no result (Matt 7:22, 23). True worship is not outward religious service but it is showing compassion to people who are in need and keeping us unstained from the corruptions of this world. If a person is not seeking to obey Christ in life, he is not truly saved. Simply going through religious rituals and motion will be proved empty and meaningless (2 Cor 5:15). Pray that God would strengthen you in your trails by his grace.
The author identifies himself as James a bond salve of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ. He was one of the half brothers of Jesus (Matt 13:55). This speaks of his deep humility. Once he refused to believe but he became the inspired writer of this epistle (Mark 3:21). This demonstrates the grace of God. This epistle is addressed to the twelve tribes in the dispersion. They were scattered from Jerusalem because of persecution. James was a leader of the Jerusalem Church and a brother of Jude. James wrote this letter to encourage and to instruct the Jewish Christians who were facing persecution (Act 8:1).
The Test of Faith and Endurance: James 1:3- 4.
There is an endearment in James address. Christians are dear brothers and sisters in Christ. They belong to the family of God. James recognizes that Christians will face trials of various kinds. Troubles and trials are inescapable facts in this fallen world (John 16:33; Phil 1:29; 2 Tim 3:12). God permits trials for our good. It produces maturity in the Christian life. Our natural tendency is to avoid trials in life. Trials can make us either better or bitter. So whenever trials come, we should welcome them as friends with joy because they help us to grow spiritually. True faith will be tested. Those who patiently endure them will grow and become strong in character for God’s use. Why God allows trials in Christian life? It is to prove the validity of our faith and to wean us from the things we love in this world. They also help us to become mature and complete lacking nothing (2 Cor 1:4). Trials and sufferings help us to live in hope of heaven (2 Cor 4:17, 18; Rom 5:3). In our sufferings, God promises his grace and presence to us (2 Cor 12:9). God will not allow trials beyond our ability to endure and he will provide the way of escape (1 Cor 10:13). Let patient have her perfect work. This must be our attitude when we face trials. Perfection here simply means maturity. Perfection in the absolute sense is reserved for the life to come.
We need wisdom to understand God’s purpose behind our trials: James 1:5-11.
God does not want us to face trials and temptations alone. He promises wisdom to understand the purpose of trials in life. We must ask God for wisdom because he is the source of wisdom (Pro 2:6). Every good and perfect gift comes from above (1:17). God gives wisdom generously and without rebuke to all those who seek wisdom. But we must ask in faith without wavering knowing that God is the source of wisdom. Wavering people should not expect to receive anything from the Lord. They are double minded and are unstable in everything they do. To have wisdom we must have the knowledge of Christ and eternal perspective. Christians should rejoice not because of earthly status but for their salvation. God is eager to help us and has no intention of shaming his children. Our reproach has been removed forever by Christ's death and resurrection. Wealth cannot save anyone. Those who repent of sin and trust in Christ will be saved (John 1:12). All material things and achievements in the world are like a flower that fades. But God blesses those who patiently endure trials and testing. Therefore Christians should make their request known to God with confidence.
How to Face Temptations? James 1: 12-18.
Temptations are inescapable in Christian life. Someone has said "We can resist anything but temptations". God permits trials in life to strengthen us. Scholars suggest that for trials and temptation the same word is used in the Greek language. God never tempts anyone with evil. But God may permit Satan to test us (James 1:13; Job 1:12). Christ was tempted by Satan in the wilderness (Matt 4). Satan tempts us to destroy but God allows trials to strengthen us for his service. Christ is our example to face temptations in life. We are tempted because we are imperfect people and living in a fallen world. In temptation, wrong thing seems to be right. The actual source of temptation is our lust and evil desire inherent in us (James 1:14). Paul says "Nothing good dwells in our sinful flesh" (Rom 7:18; Jeremiah 17: 9). Sinful desires give birth to sinful actions. When we allow it to grow, it brings forth death. Someone has said "Lust is the grandmother of death". Enticement leads to entrapment and entrapment into endorsement and finally to enslavement. So when we are tempted, acknowledge the reality of it. It is not an event but a process. Satan is the source of doubts, denial and deception. We must not be ignorant of Satan's strategy. Remember that God’s gifts are always good and perfect. His Word never changes. We are regenerated by His Word (1:18). Christians should anticipate temptations and assume responsibility for failure. Be strong in the faith and do not place confidence in ourselves. Spend time in the Word of God and meditate on it (Psalms 119:11; Matt 4:1-11). Take every thought captive to obey Christ (2 Cor 10:5). Be wise doing good and stay innocent as to what is evil (Rom 16:19). Only believers are tempted. Satan does not care about unsaved. When we fail in temptations do not get discouraged. The believers are the forgiven people. If we confess our sins to God, he will forgive and cleans us from all our sins (1 John 1:9). Victorious Christian life is a series of new beginnings. Those who patiently endure trials will receive the crown of life. Someone has said "Crown is the ability to enjoy heavenly blessing eternally and fully".
Hearing and Doing: James 1:19-27.
The purpose of hearing the Word of God is to make it part of our day-to-day life. It reveals what is true and not true. Also it helps us to do what is right. We must be quick to hear, slow to speak and slow to anger. Christians are desperately in need of God's Word. The Word of God is able to save our souls. We should hear the Word of God with the intention of obeying. It has the power to transform our life. To overcome trials we must receive the Word of God with meekness. It has inherent power to transform life. Mere hearing will not profit anybody. Many people hear the Word to feel good and to find temporary comfort in their conscience. It is like a man looking at his face in the mirror and forgetting what he looks like. Those who love the Word of God and obey them will be blessed. Mere external religion is worthless. Our uncontrolled speech exposes our wickedness and yields no result (Matt 7:22, 23). True worship is not outward religious service but it is showing compassion to people who are in need and keeping us unstained from the corruptions of this world. If a person is not seeking to obey Christ in life, he is not truly saved. Simply going through religious rituals and motion will be proved empty and meaningless (2 Cor 5:15). Pray that God would strengthen you in your trails by his grace.
Chapter 2
Be Doers of the Word: James 2:1-13.
When God’s Word takes root in us, life will be transformed. Genuine faith brings obedience. Our speech becomes gracious and seasoned with salt (Col 4:6). Our behavior will change. The believers should not show partiality. When we show partiality to the wealthy, we are guided by evil motives. God has chosen those who are poor in the world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom of God. Discrimination is offensive to God and dishonor the poor. Christians must be sensitive to their needs. The world does not care about these virtues and despises Christians. It not only oppresses believers but also slanders Jesus Christ (Acts 9:2; 11:26). It is good to obey the royal law because it is the law of love. “We should love others in the same way we love ourselves “(Matt 22: 39). Partiality is not a minor sin, it is the violation of God's law. If you Show favoritism you are guilty of breaking the law (James 2:9). God judges all by the same standard. By grace He redeems everyone who believes in Christ. Royal law is essential for maintaining social relationship and harmony. For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become guilty for all (James 2:10). Christians should walk the talk otherwise they will be judged. If Christ has dealt mercifully with us, we must be eager to demonstrate his mercy to others. Christians are saved by the mercy of God. “Mercy triumphs over judgment” (Jam 2:13).
Faith without Work is worthless: James 2:14-20.
These verses are considered to be the most controversial passage in the New Testament. It may appear to oppose the doctrine of justification by faith in Christ. Many people misunderstand this passage because they fail to observe two significant facts about faith. Paul wrote his letters to explain the doctrine of the gospel. James deals with the practical implications and the nature of the gospel. In the Christian life, the object of our faith is Jesus Christ. The quality of faith is in whom we place our faith. The more confident we have in Christ, the stronger our faith will be. Real faith is more than mental assent of some biblical facts or our verbal affirmation. Demons believe that there is God and Jesus Christ is the Son of God. They tremble in fear at the thoughts of coming judgment (James 2:19; Matt 8:29). True faith results in a changed life as evidenced by works. The way we live reflect what we believe (Luke 3:8). Good theology apart from work is useless (2:20). What good our empty platitudes do to Christ? Pious expressions may seem to be religious but actions speak louder than words. We are not saved by our works, but faithful in the finished work of Christ.
The Examples of Faith: James 2:21- 26.
To prove the practical implications of faith, James gives two examples from the Old Testament. Abraham is the father of all true believers. When Abraham was called by God, he obeyed. His faith was based on the promises of God. There is no conflict between faith and reason (Pro 3:5, 6). Abraham’s faith was not an empty reality, it was followed by works. He was justified by work before God and men. This does not contradict Paul’s statement that justification is by faith (Rom 5:1). Abraham was justified before God when he believed (Rom 4:2; Gen 15:6). His faith in God finds its channel of expression in the offering of his Son Isaac. Thus Abraham’s faith was validated by his action (James 2:22). His relationship with God was settled years before (Gen 15:6). It became evident when he offered his son Isaac. Abraham was called the friend of God by Jews, Arabs and Christians. So faith involves not only trust in Christ but also a life of obedience. In the same way Rahab the prostitute of Jericho justified by works when she received the messengers and sent them away by another way. Her faith was a saving faith. Faith involves our mind, emotion and will. She was delivered from condemnation and had the assurance of salvation (Joshua 2:9; 6:25). Her name is included in the family tree of our Lord (Matt 1:5). Rahab was instrumental in the salvation of her family. Her action was necessary to affirm her faith. Thus she demonstrated the reality of her faith. Just as the body apart from the spirit is dead, so also faith apart from works is dead. A fruitless faith is nothing more than hypocrisy. James does not suggest that faith plus works equals justification. James agrees with Paul that faith alone justifies. The faith that justifies is the living faith that reflects the character of Christ helping others in their practical needs.
When God’s Word takes root in us, life will be transformed. Genuine faith brings obedience. Our speech becomes gracious and seasoned with salt (Col 4:6). Our behavior will change. The believers should not show partiality. When we show partiality to the wealthy, we are guided by evil motives. God has chosen those who are poor in the world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom of God. Discrimination is offensive to God and dishonor the poor. Christians must be sensitive to their needs. The world does not care about these virtues and despises Christians. It not only oppresses believers but also slanders Jesus Christ (Acts 9:2; 11:26). It is good to obey the royal law because it is the law of love. “We should love others in the same way we love ourselves “(Matt 22: 39). Partiality is not a minor sin, it is the violation of God's law. If you Show favoritism you are guilty of breaking the law (James 2:9). God judges all by the same standard. By grace He redeems everyone who believes in Christ. Royal law is essential for maintaining social relationship and harmony. For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become guilty for all (James 2:10). Christians should walk the talk otherwise they will be judged. If Christ has dealt mercifully with us, we must be eager to demonstrate his mercy to others. Christians are saved by the mercy of God. “Mercy triumphs over judgment” (Jam 2:13).
Faith without Work is worthless: James 2:14-20.
These verses are considered to be the most controversial passage in the New Testament. It may appear to oppose the doctrine of justification by faith in Christ. Many people misunderstand this passage because they fail to observe two significant facts about faith. Paul wrote his letters to explain the doctrine of the gospel. James deals with the practical implications and the nature of the gospel. In the Christian life, the object of our faith is Jesus Christ. The quality of faith is in whom we place our faith. The more confident we have in Christ, the stronger our faith will be. Real faith is more than mental assent of some biblical facts or our verbal affirmation. Demons believe that there is God and Jesus Christ is the Son of God. They tremble in fear at the thoughts of coming judgment (James 2:19; Matt 8:29). True faith results in a changed life as evidenced by works. The way we live reflect what we believe (Luke 3:8). Good theology apart from work is useless (2:20). What good our empty platitudes do to Christ? Pious expressions may seem to be religious but actions speak louder than words. We are not saved by our works, but faithful in the finished work of Christ.
The Examples of Faith: James 2:21- 26.
To prove the practical implications of faith, James gives two examples from the Old Testament. Abraham is the father of all true believers. When Abraham was called by God, he obeyed. His faith was based on the promises of God. There is no conflict between faith and reason (Pro 3:5, 6). Abraham’s faith was not an empty reality, it was followed by works. He was justified by work before God and men. This does not contradict Paul’s statement that justification is by faith (Rom 5:1). Abraham was justified before God when he believed (Rom 4:2; Gen 15:6). His faith in God finds its channel of expression in the offering of his Son Isaac. Thus Abraham’s faith was validated by his action (James 2:22). His relationship with God was settled years before (Gen 15:6). It became evident when he offered his son Isaac. Abraham was called the friend of God by Jews, Arabs and Christians. So faith involves not only trust in Christ but also a life of obedience. In the same way Rahab the prostitute of Jericho justified by works when she received the messengers and sent them away by another way. Her faith was a saving faith. Faith involves our mind, emotion and will. She was delivered from condemnation and had the assurance of salvation (Joshua 2:9; 6:25). Her name is included in the family tree of our Lord (Matt 1:5). Rahab was instrumental in the salvation of her family. Her action was necessary to affirm her faith. Thus she demonstrated the reality of her faith. Just as the body apart from the spirit is dead, so also faith apart from works is dead. A fruitless faith is nothing more than hypocrisy. James does not suggest that faith plus works equals justification. James agrees with Paul that faith alone justifies. The faith that justifies is the living faith that reflects the character of Christ helping others in their practical needs.
Chapter 3
Controlling the Tongue: James 3:1-12.
James highlights human sinfulness again and warns against uncontrolled tongue. We should not underestimate the power of tongue. None of us have reached perfection. Perfection describes the man who has reached his goal or purpose in life. One unfounded rumor or gossip can cause the greatest damage to people. God will judge teachers with more strictness because they are prone to stumble in their speech. Someone has said "Teaching is a dangerous job". James compares tongue to a flame of fire. A spark can start a raging forest fire. Many people think that because they do not murder, commit adultery or steal they are basically good people. But they often excuse backbiting, gossip and tearing down others, not knowing that they are sins of the tongue. One of the fruit of the Holy Spirit is self control (Gal 5:22-23). The person who has no control over his tongue usually finds difficulty to have control in other areas as well. James cautions teachers that they should examine their motives because they will be judged more strictly. They have greater responsibility because to whom is much is given, much will be required (Luke 12:48). We can tame animals and control ship but have no control over our tongue. Tongue is restless and evil. A single sentence uttered in anger can sever a long friendship and start a war. Man is made in the image of God with moral nature and personality. He is a rational, self-conscious and self-determining creature. He was made to obey God and to have fellowship with Him. So blessing and cursing should not come out of the same mouth. Does a fountain give both fresh water and bitter water? Does a fig tree bear olives? That person lacks credibility. Christians should eagerly seek God's help to speak with grace. Before speak we must ask " Is it true, is it helpful, is it instructive, is it necessary and is it kind". Christians must walk the talk.
True Wisdom comes from God: James 3:13-18.
James contrasts between earthly and heavenly wisdom here. Biblical wisdom is more than gaining knowledge but a changed life. Wisdom is the God given skill to apply the knowledge to live a life that pleases God and benefit others. It is living an honorable life by doing good works with humility. God alone gives wisdom (Pro 2:6). Those who have inclined their hearts and cry out for wisdom will find it (James 1:5). The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. Those who fear God will admit that there is a true God and they are not. It is the reverential trust in God that motivates us to worship and serve God. Those who have trusted God will find wisdom. We should not lean to our own intellect to solve our problems. God should not become our last resource. In all our ways acknowledge that God is in control of our life. Then God will show us the path we should take (Pro 3:5, 6). Lack of reverence comes from willful ignorance of God. Those who have received wisdom will not elevate themselves and overlook their own wrongdoings. Unbelievers don’t understand spiritual things because they lack wisdom (1 Cor 2:14). Envy and strife are motivated by the Devil. Christian life should not be motivated by the wisdom of the world because it will pass away. Wherever there is jealousy and selfish ambition, there will be confusion, disorder and wickedness. But wisdom from above is pure, peaceable, gentle, submissive, full of mercy, righteous, shows no favoritism and not hypocritical (James 3:17-18). Those who embrace pride and worldly wisdom will suffer the consequences of them. Those who are peacemakers will plant the seed of peace and reap the harvest of righteousness. How sad that there is so much bickering and turmoil among Christians! Seek wisdom from above and and allow it to be your guide in this fallen world.
James highlights human sinfulness again and warns against uncontrolled tongue. We should not underestimate the power of tongue. None of us have reached perfection. Perfection describes the man who has reached his goal or purpose in life. One unfounded rumor or gossip can cause the greatest damage to people. God will judge teachers with more strictness because they are prone to stumble in their speech. Someone has said "Teaching is a dangerous job". James compares tongue to a flame of fire. A spark can start a raging forest fire. Many people think that because they do not murder, commit adultery or steal they are basically good people. But they often excuse backbiting, gossip and tearing down others, not knowing that they are sins of the tongue. One of the fruit of the Holy Spirit is self control (Gal 5:22-23). The person who has no control over his tongue usually finds difficulty to have control in other areas as well. James cautions teachers that they should examine their motives because they will be judged more strictly. They have greater responsibility because to whom is much is given, much will be required (Luke 12:48). We can tame animals and control ship but have no control over our tongue. Tongue is restless and evil. A single sentence uttered in anger can sever a long friendship and start a war. Man is made in the image of God with moral nature and personality. He is a rational, self-conscious and self-determining creature. He was made to obey God and to have fellowship with Him. So blessing and cursing should not come out of the same mouth. Does a fountain give both fresh water and bitter water? Does a fig tree bear olives? That person lacks credibility. Christians should eagerly seek God's help to speak with grace. Before speak we must ask " Is it true, is it helpful, is it instructive, is it necessary and is it kind". Christians must walk the talk.
True Wisdom comes from God: James 3:13-18.
James contrasts between earthly and heavenly wisdom here. Biblical wisdom is more than gaining knowledge but a changed life. Wisdom is the God given skill to apply the knowledge to live a life that pleases God and benefit others. It is living an honorable life by doing good works with humility. God alone gives wisdom (Pro 2:6). Those who have inclined their hearts and cry out for wisdom will find it (James 1:5). The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. Those who fear God will admit that there is a true God and they are not. It is the reverential trust in God that motivates us to worship and serve God. Those who have trusted God will find wisdom. We should not lean to our own intellect to solve our problems. God should not become our last resource. In all our ways acknowledge that God is in control of our life. Then God will show us the path we should take (Pro 3:5, 6). Lack of reverence comes from willful ignorance of God. Those who have received wisdom will not elevate themselves and overlook their own wrongdoings. Unbelievers don’t understand spiritual things because they lack wisdom (1 Cor 2:14). Envy and strife are motivated by the Devil. Christian life should not be motivated by the wisdom of the world because it will pass away. Wherever there is jealousy and selfish ambition, there will be confusion, disorder and wickedness. But wisdom from above is pure, peaceable, gentle, submissive, full of mercy, righteous, shows no favoritism and not hypocritical (James 3:17-18). Those who embrace pride and worldly wisdom will suffer the consequences of them. Those who are peacemakers will plant the seed of peace and reap the harvest of righteousness. How sad that there is so much bickering and turmoil among Christians! Seek wisdom from above and and allow it to be your guide in this fallen world.
Chapter 4
Warning against Worldliness: James 4:1-6.
James explains the cause of worldliness and quarrels among Christians. The quarrels that rage between people spring from the evil desires within them. They do not come from heredity and environment but from the carnal desire within the believer. These are the fruit of the flesh (Gal 5:19-21). Someone has said "We sin because we are not satisfied with Christ". It is unbelievable the Christians have uncontrolled passion for pleasure (4:1-3). Lust and passion can take many forms. They will not give us lasting satisfaction. We pray and do not receive, because our motives are wrong. We ask for things for personal gratification rather than for the glory of God. Jeremiah 29:13 says, “You will seek me and find me when you seek me with all of your heart”. We must choose between God and the world (James 4:4). We engage in spiritual adultery by loving God and the world at the same time. Christian life begins with commitment to Christ. Unfaithfulness is repulsive to God. Friendship with the world has many meanings. The world system is under the influence of Satan and it is opposite to God. Friendship with the world is enmity with God. Christians can backslide and become worldly. The God is not the source of evil (Rom 8:9). God gives us grace to overcome evil (Heb 4:16). God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble (Pro 3:34). Grace is, God’s love and kindness reaching down to undeserving sinners in Jesus Christ (Titus 2:11). Grace cannot be earned but received by faith (John 1:14). Peace flows from the matchless grace of God (Titus 3:4, 5). No sin is too great for God to forgive, if we humble ourselves before Him and forsake.
Warning against proud Attitude: James 4:7-12.
God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble (James 4:6). God's grace is greater than all our sins. We are save by grace through faith in Christ. We are invited to draw near to the throne of God to receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need (Heb 4:16). The seven action words mentioned here explain how we can appropriate God’s grace in our life. First we must resist the devil by submitting to God’s authority. Only those who are willing to humble themselves before God will be exalted. Then we can live a life that is pleasing to God (James 4:7). We resist the devil by not giving into temptations. When we draw closer to God and he will draw closer to us. The more we spend time in the Word of God we are less likely to fail in temptations. “Cleanse your hands your sinners and purify your hearts”. This is a call to repentance of sin consistently. Harboring sin in life will give the Devil an opportunity to work in us and through us (1 John 1:9). We should not be double minded, serving God and the world at the same time. We are in the world but not of this world. Serving God should become the priority in our life. We must mourn and weep over our sins. Think less of us and more of God and others. We should cease slandering the brethren. Unity cannot be achieved by speaking evil against one another. He who judges the brother sets himself above the law (4:11). God alone is the true judge. Who are we to judge another? When we humble ourselves before the Lord, He will exalt us to accomplish his purpose through us. Pray that God would help you to have a humble heart and show the areas of pride that need to be addressed in your life.
Warning against Self confidence: James 4:13-17.
Pride is the most dangerous of all sin and the root cause of all evil. There is nothing worse than spiritual pride. Humility is manifested in us when we turn from our prideful sin and entrust ourselves to God. Carnal man disregards God and make his own plans They do not recognize that all good and perfect gifts come from God including the ability to plan for the future (4:13; 1:17). Prideful men consider that they have earned everything and willfully forget about the frailty of life (Psalm 90:9-12). What is our life? It is like a morning fog that is transient and gone in a moment. So stop acting as though we know the future. Our plans and behavior should consistently demonstrate our dependence on God (Pro 3:5, 6). We should be mindful of our own moral limitations. Someone has said “The man who brags about future plans and ignores God’s sovereignty. He is foolish in all his evil ways”. Instead we should say “If the Lord wills, we will live and do this or that”. Boasting shows our arrogance which is evil and overlooks our own failures. Whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin (James 4:17). Only God knows our future. So trust your future to God who works all things for his glory and purpose.
Chapter 5
Warning to the Rich: James 5:1-6.
In this passage James warns against social injustice. Christians should not lead double-minded life styles. Christians should mourn over their covetousness and over their unfair employment practices. They should not forget that lasting security can be found only in the Lord and not in material things. Wealth will not last forever. It is not a sin to be wealthy but it is wrong to amass wealth by dishonest means. Jesus said, ”Do not store up treasures here on earth but in heaven” (Matt 6:19-20). It is morally wrong to hoard riches when so many people in the world are in desperate need of hearing the gospel. The resources God has gives us should be used for the benefit of others. Otherwise it will stand as evidence against us on the Day of Judgment (James 5:3). It is a sin to exploit workers by not paying them proper wages. Though they have no one to plead for them, their cry is heard in heaven. Uncontrolled desire for wealth for self indulgent is like animals fattened just before their execution. It is wrong to exploit helpless workers by threats. God gives grace to the humble. Those who are proud think that they are powerful and important. Pray that God would give you a heart to show his generous grace to others.
Patience in Suffering: James 5:7-12.
Suffering and trials are inescapable in this fallen world (John 16:33). James exhorts believers to endure suffering patiently as they wait for the return of the Lord (5:8). To illustrate this, James gives the example of farmers who patiently wait for the harvest. Likewise Christians should view suffering as a preparation process that helps them to be conformed to the image of Christ. Patience is not a passive virtue. It is enduring wrong treatment without retaliation. Farmers help each other. Likewise in suffering, Christians should not attack each other but help each other. We should not grumble against another, so that you may not be judged (5:9). They should live in anticipation of Christ’s soon return. Christians should not cultivate bitter attitude against each other. The examples of the prophets who endured suffering should encourage us in our trials. Job, who endured loss of property, family and health, stands out as an example of endurance to us. Also Job’s trials demonstrate the purpose and character of God. Our Lord may permit sufferings in our life to accomplish his purpose. Job understood how compassionate and merciful is God even in his sufferings (James 5:11). James asked us to consider trials as an opportunity for great joy (James 1:3). How it possible? First of all suffering helps us to draw closer to God (Psalms 119:67, 71). It prepares us for the reward of the crown of life (James 1:12). God has promised us his grace and strength to endure sufferings (2 Cor 12:7-9). Suffering in the Christian life is no cause for shame
(1 Pet 4:12, 13). Sometimes suffering could be our own making by willful disobedience (1 Pet 4:15). Christians should not swear to make others to believe. Let our yes be yes and no be no, so that we may not fall under condemnation (5:12).
The Prayer of Faith: James 5:13.
James was a man of prayer. He is known as a man with camel knee. Many people are too proud and busy to pray. Prayer is asking God to help us in our needs. We don’t receive because we don't pray. It is the will of God that we should pray without ceasing (1 Thess 5:17). Prayer is communication with God. It is our lifeline to God. Prayer includes adoration, confession, thanksgiving and supplication. Prayer is not getting our will be done in heaven but getting God’s will be done in our life. It is not persuading God to move things on our way. Also prayer is not overcoming God’s reluctance but laying hold of His promises. It is not vain repetitions but intelligent expressions of our heartfelt thanksgiving. Prayer is not a religious exercise but the heartfelt cry to our heavenly Father. We should pray in the Holy Spirit. Prayer is the declaration of our dependence on God. It is important to pray for spiritual, emotional and physical needs. Prayer is the key to unlocking God’s power. If anybody is cheerful let him sing. Early Church was a singing Church. Prayer lifts the burdens from us. A praying church will be a dynamic church.
The Prayer for the Sick: James 5:14-18.
If anyone among you is sick, let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. Believers should pray for each other so that they may be healed. Is anyone among you is sick? Let him call for the elders of the church and let them for over him. Such prayer offered in faith will heal the sick and the Lord will raise him up. And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven (5:14, 15). Some suggest that his sickness is due to sin. But God alone knows it and we must leave the judgment to God. The sick person must take the initiative to call the elders. God honors united prayer (Matt 18:19). The prayer offered in faith in the privacy of the home will heal the sick. The real source of healing is the Lord. The anointing of the oil symbolizes the outpouring of the Holy Spirit in the scriptures. If the sickness is due to sin, it shall be forgiven. James appeals that we should confess our sins to one another and pray so that we may be healed. Private sins should be confessed privately and open sins should be confessed openly. The earnest prayer has great power to produce wonderful results. The prayer of Elijah is an example (1 King 19:1-4). Elijah was a man with a nature like ours and he prayed fervently (5:17-18). Most of our prayers are ineffective because they are not the outcry of our hearts to God but we pray to impress people.
Conclusion: James 5:19, 20.
James concludes his letter with a call to restore anyone who wanders from the faith (5:19). What a blessing to restore a backsliding believer! It is sin to err from the truth. James warns that backsliding may lead to physical illness and sometime death if not repented (1 Cor 11:30). Those who wander from the truth are in the path of danger and destruction. We must pray for their restoration and ask God to give them a heart that is receptive to his Word. God alone can restore the backslider from doctrinal error but he uses his servants to achieve it. Scripture says “For we are laborers together with God” (1 Cor 3:9).
May God use this study for the blessing of many!
In this passage James warns against social injustice. Christians should not lead double-minded life styles. Christians should mourn over their covetousness and over their unfair employment practices. They should not forget that lasting security can be found only in the Lord and not in material things. Wealth will not last forever. It is not a sin to be wealthy but it is wrong to amass wealth by dishonest means. Jesus said, ”Do not store up treasures here on earth but in heaven” (Matt 6:19-20). It is morally wrong to hoard riches when so many people in the world are in desperate need of hearing the gospel. The resources God has gives us should be used for the benefit of others. Otherwise it will stand as evidence against us on the Day of Judgment (James 5:3). It is a sin to exploit workers by not paying them proper wages. Though they have no one to plead for them, their cry is heard in heaven. Uncontrolled desire for wealth for self indulgent is like animals fattened just before their execution. It is wrong to exploit helpless workers by threats. God gives grace to the humble. Those who are proud think that they are powerful and important. Pray that God would give you a heart to show his generous grace to others.
Patience in Suffering: James 5:7-12.
Suffering and trials are inescapable in this fallen world (John 16:33). James exhorts believers to endure suffering patiently as they wait for the return of the Lord (5:8). To illustrate this, James gives the example of farmers who patiently wait for the harvest. Likewise Christians should view suffering as a preparation process that helps them to be conformed to the image of Christ. Patience is not a passive virtue. It is enduring wrong treatment without retaliation. Farmers help each other. Likewise in suffering, Christians should not attack each other but help each other. We should not grumble against another, so that you may not be judged (5:9). They should live in anticipation of Christ’s soon return. Christians should not cultivate bitter attitude against each other. The examples of the prophets who endured suffering should encourage us in our trials. Job, who endured loss of property, family and health, stands out as an example of endurance to us. Also Job’s trials demonstrate the purpose and character of God. Our Lord may permit sufferings in our life to accomplish his purpose. Job understood how compassionate and merciful is God even in his sufferings (James 5:11). James asked us to consider trials as an opportunity for great joy (James 1:3). How it possible? First of all suffering helps us to draw closer to God (Psalms 119:67, 71). It prepares us for the reward of the crown of life (James 1:12). God has promised us his grace and strength to endure sufferings (2 Cor 12:7-9). Suffering in the Christian life is no cause for shame
(1 Pet 4:12, 13). Sometimes suffering could be our own making by willful disobedience (1 Pet 4:15). Christians should not swear to make others to believe. Let our yes be yes and no be no, so that we may not fall under condemnation (5:12).
The Prayer of Faith: James 5:13.
James was a man of prayer. He is known as a man with camel knee. Many people are too proud and busy to pray. Prayer is asking God to help us in our needs. We don’t receive because we don't pray. It is the will of God that we should pray without ceasing (1 Thess 5:17). Prayer is communication with God. It is our lifeline to God. Prayer includes adoration, confession, thanksgiving and supplication. Prayer is not getting our will be done in heaven but getting God’s will be done in our life. It is not persuading God to move things on our way. Also prayer is not overcoming God’s reluctance but laying hold of His promises. It is not vain repetitions but intelligent expressions of our heartfelt thanksgiving. Prayer is not a religious exercise but the heartfelt cry to our heavenly Father. We should pray in the Holy Spirit. Prayer is the declaration of our dependence on God. It is important to pray for spiritual, emotional and physical needs. Prayer is the key to unlocking God’s power. If anybody is cheerful let him sing. Early Church was a singing Church. Prayer lifts the burdens from us. A praying church will be a dynamic church.
The Prayer for the Sick: James 5:14-18.
If anyone among you is sick, let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. Believers should pray for each other so that they may be healed. Is anyone among you is sick? Let him call for the elders of the church and let them for over him. Such prayer offered in faith will heal the sick and the Lord will raise him up. And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven (5:14, 15). Some suggest that his sickness is due to sin. But God alone knows it and we must leave the judgment to God. The sick person must take the initiative to call the elders. God honors united prayer (Matt 18:19). The prayer offered in faith in the privacy of the home will heal the sick. The real source of healing is the Lord. The anointing of the oil symbolizes the outpouring of the Holy Spirit in the scriptures. If the sickness is due to sin, it shall be forgiven. James appeals that we should confess our sins to one another and pray so that we may be healed. Private sins should be confessed privately and open sins should be confessed openly. The earnest prayer has great power to produce wonderful results. The prayer of Elijah is an example (1 King 19:1-4). Elijah was a man with a nature like ours and he prayed fervently (5:17-18). Most of our prayers are ineffective because they are not the outcry of our hearts to God but we pray to impress people.
Conclusion: James 5:19, 20.
James concludes his letter with a call to restore anyone who wanders from the faith (5:19). What a blessing to restore a backsliding believer! It is sin to err from the truth. James warns that backsliding may lead to physical illness and sometime death if not repented (1 Cor 11:30). Those who wander from the truth are in the path of danger and destruction. We must pray for their restoration and ask God to give them a heart that is receptive to his Word. God alone can restore the backslider from doctrinal error but he uses his servants to achieve it. Scripture says “For we are laborers together with God” (1 Cor 3:9).
May God use this study for the blessing of many!
